The effect of p53 high expression on patient overall survival was larger in studies that had adjusted their analyses for tumor stage (HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.26–1.68, P < 0.00001, n = 21, I2=31%; Fig. S3) compared with the estimates from studies that reported unadjusted risk estimates (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11–1.49, P = 0.0009, n = 35, I2=46%). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and neoplasm.