INS and Insulin resistance: The area under the curve of insulin in IVGTT and OGTT, the acute insulin response (AIR3–5), early phase of insulin secretion (ΔIns30/ΔG30), modified β-cell function index, and homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function (HOMA-β) increased after treatment even when adjusted for the influence of insulin resistance (IR; P < 0.001).