A number of next‐generation DNA sequencing (NGS) methodologies have been used not only to validate previously identified susceptibility genes and loci associated with SLE such as IRF2, IRF5, UBE2L3, IFIHI, TNIP1, TNFAIP3 and BLK, but also enabled the discovery of additional gene variants, especially rare variants that are not identified by GWAS 114, 115. Here, UBE2L3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.