PPARG and lung carcinoma: Inhibition of PPARgamma upon GW9662 antagonist treatment increased VEGF-A levels, while the presence of a PPARgamma agonist resulted in decreased VEGF-A mRNA and protein levels (Fig. 2d and e) supporting the theory that VEGF-A upregulation in AC and SCC lung cancers are a direct consequence of PPARgamma reduction.