TGFB1 and neoplasm: Upstream regulators predicted to modulate expression and activity of the 240 upregulated expressed murine genes in the OS-2 tumor xenografts included the T-helper cell type-17 (Th17)-activating cytokines TGF-β (P-value 1.26E–27), IL-1β (P-value 9.07E–25) and IL-6 (P-value 9.03E–22) (Table S4).