UCP1 and cancer: Examples include the amino acid changes in Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) and production of high-molecular-mass hyaluronan in the naked mole rat (Kim et al., 2011; Tian et al., 2013); unique sequence changes in IGF1 and GH receptors in Brandt’s bat (Seim et al., 2013); gene gain and loss associated with DNA repair, cell-cycle regulation, and cancer, as well as alteration in insulin signaling in the bowhead whale (Keane et al., 2015; Seim et al., 2014); and duplication of the p53 gene in elephants (Abegglen et al., 2015).