To clarify if different cytokine expressions might be responsible for differences in survival in wild type and KO mice, we examined serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as one of the early pro-inflammatory cytokines [22], and of interleukin-10 (IL-10), as an important anti-inflammatory cytokine in sepsis [23]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Sepsis.