TP53 is known to be important in acute renal injury via its role in regulation of apoptosis and cell survival, and inhibition of TP53 expression by siRNA reduces the acute kidney injury following administration of aristolochic acid or renal ischemia-reperfusion in animal models, although longer term p53 inhibition may promote renal fibrosis in some species [33, 34]. Here, TP53 is linked to renal fibrosis.