MMP9 and thyroid gland carcinoma: WIPF1-associated changes in the expression of certain matrix proteins, such as MMP9 and E-cadherin as observed in the present study, that are known to play a role in cancer cell invasion, may also be a contributory mechanism to the role of WIPF1 in the invasiveness of thyroid cancer, although how WIPF1 regulates the expression of these genes needs further investigation.