While treatment with soluble betaglycan and neutralizing antibodies have been shown to be effective in attenuating attributes of advanced PCa, namely growth and angiogenesis of tumors formed by AR negative human PCa cells [17] and suppression of host immune surveillance by regulatory T-cells [18], no studies have systematically evaluated the effects of TGF-β inhibition as prostate cancer develops. Here, TGFB1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.