In this study, we determined the KCNQ1 variant genotypes and the efficacy of repaglinide in newly diagnosed Chinese type 2 diabetes patients who had been treated with repaglinide for 8 weeks, investigated the association between KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism and repaglinide therapeutic efficacy, and further explored the correlation between this association and the IRS-2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Here, IRS2 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.