TNFα neutralization was shown to reduce MDSCs’ suppressive activity and enhance their maturation into dendritic cells and macrophages50, and we see here a slight decrease of pulmonary monocytic CD11b+CD11c−Ly6C+Ly6G− cells in TNFα-deficient mice, which were unaffected in the absence of IL-17RA and/or IL-22 one month post-infection. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.