In particular, in approximately 65% of the cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, only oral hypoglycaemic agents were used, essentially represented by biguanides (i.e., metformin); by sulfonylureas, such as glimepiride, glibenclamide, and gliclazide; and by glinides, such as repaglinide; in the remaining 35% of cases, hypoglycaemic agents were associated with short-, rapid- or intermediate-acting insulin. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.