In mice with similar levels of tumor burden, co-treatment with both cisplatin and dabigatran significantly reduced the levels of TGF-β, VEGF and IL-6, while both cisplatin and dabigatran individually lowered the levels of IL-10 and MCP-1 (Supplementary Figure S2) Overall, the enhanced anti-tumor efficacy with dabigatran etexilate and cisplatin co-treatment was accompanied by a decrease in immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor ascites. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.