GPLD1 and cancer: We have shown previously [31] that these cells changed invasive phenotype, as shPLD2-MDA-MB-231 cells are less invasive than the parental MDA-MB-231 cells and O/E-PLD2-MCF-7 cells are much more invasive than the parental MCF-7 cells, both of which again highlight the key role of PLD in cancer cell invasiveness.