PDCD1 and melanoma: Such a multi-peptide vaccine (gp100, MART-1, NY-ESO-1) increased the number of gp100+, MART-1+, and NY-ESO-1+ CD8+ T cells in advanced melanoma patients when combined with anti-PD-1 (nivolumab), and a promising 1-year survival of 87% was obtained in this phase I trial (75).