The effects of adipokines (such as leptin [44–50], adiponectin [51–54], resistin [55–61], and visfatin [56, 62–64]) as well as proinflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α and IL-6 [65–70]) arising from adipocytes and/or immune cell-infiltrating adipose tissue on the pathogenesis of NAFLD are summarized in Table 1. This evidence concerns the gene RETN and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.