MTOR and renal cell carcinoma: RCC is characterized by dysregulation of multiple metabolic pathways involved in oxygen, energy and nutrient sensing cascades (deregulation of AMPK-TSC1/2-mTOR and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways) [24], e.g. deregulated oxygen sensing is characterized by VHL/HIF pathway alterations with subsequent upregulation of HIF-responsive genes and glucose transporters allowing the reliance on aerobic glycolysis [24].