SQSTM1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Given that BafA1 inhibited autophagosome-lysosome fusion in HCC cells as shown by the accumulation of autophagic flux indicator p62 (Fig. 4B) and yellow autophagosomes (Fig. 4D), we proposed that BafA1 may induce early stage of autophagy (via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/p70s6k pathway) and inhibit later stage of autophagy (autophagosome-lysosome fusion) in HCC cell lines.