The human tumour antigen PReferentially expressed Antigen of MElanoma (PRAME) was originally identified as the target antigen of a cytolytic T-lymphocyte clone derived from a patient with melanoma.3PRAME is expressed in low levels in a normal ovary, endometrium, kidney and adrenal tissues,3 and overexpressed in a range of cancers including 95% of metastatic melanoma tumours.3 PRAME expression is associated with an unfavourable prognosis in some solid tumours including breast cancer.4 The gene discussed is PRAME; the disease is breast cancer.