The biological mechanisms by which alcohol intake might increase the risk of prostate cancer are not fully understood but the main mechanisms are likely to include a genotoxic effect of acetaldehyde, the induction of microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and associated oxidative stress, increased estrogen concentration, a role as a solvent for tobacco carcinogens, changes in folate metabolism, and changes in DNA repair [73–75]. The gene discussed is CYP2E1; the disease is prostate cancer.