INS and diabetes mellitus: Compared with other diabetes diet method or usual diabetes dietary education, carbohydrate counting did not significantly reduce the hypoglycaemia events (SMD: −0.14, 95%CI: −0.39 to 0.10, P = 0.254; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.758), insulin dosage (SMD: 0.04, 95%CI: −0.24 to 0.31, P = 0.788; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.945) or BMI (SMD: −0.06, 95%CI: −0.39 to 0.28, P = 0.749; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.328) (Fig. 6).