Of note, it has recently been reported that NSCLC patients with activating EGFR mutations show lower objective responsive rates to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (Gainor et al., 2016; Melosky et al., 2016), suggesting the possibility that mutant EGFR status cannot be a satisfactory biomarker for assessing the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.