ZMYND15 and Azoospermia: Inactivation of Zmynd15 in mice results in early activation of transcription of several haploid genes including Prm1, Tnp1, Spem1 and Catpser3, as well as depletion of late spermatids and male infertility.160 The p.K507Sfs*3 mutation in exon 9 of ZMYND15 was recently identified in one family with idiopathic azoospermia.161Rfx2−/− mice show complete male sterility owing to a complete block in development just prior to spermatid elongation.