In murine models, the earliest phases and resistance to the infection with different species of Mycobacterium and other intracellular microorganisms like Leishmania are under control of NRAMP1 (Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1) encoded by NRAMP1 gene, previously called Bcg/Lsh/Ity (Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Leishmania donovani, and Salmonella typhimurium) which has 88% identity with the human formerly called NRAMP1 [10, 11] and now called SLC11A1 (solute carrier family 11 member 1 protein). The gene discussed is SLC11A1; the disease is infection.