Given that the tumor-induced suppression of hepatic Ppara and ketogenesis was observed even in pre-cachectic C26- and PDA-bearing mice (Figures 2A–2D), we reasoned that the tumor-associated cytokine that accounted for these effects would be elevated in both pre-cachectic and cachectic mice from each model system. Here, PPARA is linked to Patent ductus arteriosus.