In this study, where the KIR genes were analyzed in the presence of their respective ligands (KIR-HLA), the KIR3DS1-Bw4-80Ile pair was associated with the development of ocular toxoplasmosis irrespective of the type of clinical manifestation (primary or recurrent); while KIR2DL3/2DL3-C1/C1 and KIR2DL3/2DL3-C1 were associated with protection against the development of ocular toxoplasmosis and its clinical manifestations. This evidence concerns the gene KIR3DL1 and ocular toxoplasmosis.