Twelve of them were commonly observed in all three groups, including olfactory transduction, metabolic pathways, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, Staphylococcus aureus infection, the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, Jak–STAT signalling pathway, inositol phosphate metabolism, complement and coagulation cascades, measles, primary immunodeficiency, epithelial cell signalling in Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal immune network for IgA production, indicating a great similarity in the infections with the different scrapie agents. This evidence concerns the gene SOAT1 and inborn error of immunity.