ATG12 and ovarian carcinoma: For example, EGFR inhibitor AG1478 and metformin-induced ovarian cancer cells apoptosis resulted in up-regulation of autophagy characterized by elevation of LC3-II, Beclin1, ATG5-ATG12 complex and decreased p62, inhibition of autophagy significantly facilitated the anticancer effect of AG1478 and metformin [89, 90].