IFNG and cancer: These findings suggest that RdB/IL12/shVEGF can alleviate tumor-mediated immunosuppression and induce potent antitumor immunity through stimulating expression of IFN-γ and inducing Th1 immunity, which has been previously reported to induce antitumor immunity by activating CTLs, NK, and Th1 cells as well as increasing cancer cell immunogenicity through enhancing antigen presentation [48].