We found that 70.93% (61/86) of NSCLC tissues presented positive staining for OCT4, whereas high expression of OCT4 was observed in 31.40% (27/86) of precancerous tissues, the difference of OCT4 expression was statistically significant (Figure 1A and 1B, P < 0.001), indicating that OCT4 have a great importance at aspect of tumorigenesis in NSCLC. The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.