Therefore, tight regulation of ADK expression and activity becomes a necessity and it is not surprising that several pathologies such as epilepsy, diabetes or cancer are linked to ADK dysfunction (Pawelczyk et al., 2000; Saitoh et al., 2004; Duarte et al., 2006; Sakowicz-Burkiewicz et al., 2006; Giglioni et al., 2008; Li H. et al., 2008; Aronica et al., 2011; Masino et al., 2011; Tsuchiya et al., 2012). The gene discussed is ADK; the disease is diabetes mellitus.