Frequently, tumor cells secrete pro-angiogenic molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), angiopoietin (Ang)-1, transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and MMPs, thereby leading to activation of their receptors on the surface of ECs16, 17. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neoplasm.