Apoptosis, as measured by activated caspase 3 expression showed that newly diagnosed (n=8), relapsed (n=5), and bortezomib (n=8)/carfilzomib (n=6) refractory MM patient samples were sensitized by selinexor and KOS-2464 to both bortezomib (P = 0.043 to 0.002) and carfilzomib (P = 0.044 to 0.001) (Figure 3A, 3C, and 3E). This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and Miyoshi myopathy.