In rescue experiment, we found that TGF-β1 could contribute to the progression of migration and invasion in RCC and the inhibitory role of BX357664 on tumor behavior could be attenuated by TGF-β1, which indicated that BX357664 might exert its antitumor function through TGF-β1/p38 signaling in a non-smad-dependent manner. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.