Thus far, TSPO ligands have been developed as potential molecular markers to detect neuroinflammation and have been applied in the assessment of neuroinflammation in patients with several neuropathological conditions that are accompanied by cognitive impairment (Batarseh and Papadopoulos, 2010; Colasanti et al., 2014; Rissanen et al., 2014; Suridjan et al., 2015; Zurcher et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is TSPO; the disease is Cognitive impairment.