For example, TSPO ligands decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV-2 cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Karlstetter et al., 2014), dampened pro-inflammatory microglial reactivity in the retina (Scholz et al., 2015), attenuated pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (Barron et al., 2013), and even reversed the cognitive impairment induced by LPS in mice (Ma et al., 2016). Here, TSPO is linked to Cognitive impairment.