In the crystal structures of CTLA-4 in complex with B7-1 or B7-2, the crystal packing generates an alternating periodic arrangement in which bivalent CTLA-4 homodimers connect bivalent B7-1/2 homodimers, providing a model describing the assembly of CTLA-4 and B7-1/2 at the interface between a T-cell and cancer cell28, 29 (Fig. 8c). This evidence concerns the gene CD80 and cancer.