When compared with healthy controls, the group of active TB patients showed increased frequency of HLA-DRB1*04 (OR = 4.794 (1.434, 16.023), P = 0.005) and HLA-DRB1*15 (OR = 3.614 (1.742, 7.501), P = 2.7×10−4), and decreased frequency of HLA-DRB1*13 (OR = 0.229 (0.135, 0.387), P = 1.0×10−5). The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is tuberculosis.