TGFB1 and Autoimmunity: 11Il2ra−/− mice develop autoimmune disorders due to dysregulated Treg cells and polyclonal T and B-cell expansion.12, 13 Although plenty of work have revealed the role of cytokines TGF-β and IL-2 on Treg cells, how they combine to contribute to Treg development in the thymus and maintenance in the periphery needs to be clearly clarified.