Knockout of Cntnap2, a gene encoding for a neuronal transmembrane protein that is thought to be important for the control of neuron–glia interactions, is associated with alterations in synaptic structure, neuronal network activity, and an autism-related phenotype in mice (Peñagarikano et al., 2011; Gdalyahu et al., 2015). The gene discussed is CNTNAP2; the disease is autism.