Although the mechanistic impact of vitamin D on lipid profiles is not clear, several mechanisms [35,36] have been proposed: vitamin D may increase lipoprotein lipase gene expression, increasing removal of lipoprotein particles; or, hyperparathyroidism due to low 25(OH)D levels may decrease peripheral removal of TG and contribute to activation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein by hepatocellular Ca+, which is able to induce hypertriglyceridemia. The gene discussed is LPL; the disease is hyperparathyroidism.