As the expression levels of latent TGFβ and the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) are increased in the intestine of patients with IBD,18,19 and provide signals to regulate T-cell function and homing,2,20 we hypothesized that these molecules could have a role in integrin αvβ8 induction on DC. Here, TGFB1 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.