ESR1 and signet ring cell carcinoma: 19 reported that among signet ring carcinoma, ERβ cytoplasm was stained in addition to nuclei, especially in EOGC, which is exactly what we observed in this study. The exact role of cytoplasmic ERβ remains unclear, but because low expression level of ERα, we can conclude that ERβ may mediate the estrogen effect in stomach 37.