Results demonstrated both miR-346 mimic and si-XPC suppressed the protein expression of XPC, and then resulted in an increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in both A549 and SPC-A-1 cell lines (Fig. 10A–B), indicating that XPC is able to inhibit the ERK pathway in NSCLC cells, and miR-346 could activate ERK pathway by directly targeting XPC. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.