TLR4 and fungal infectious disease: Due to the absence of many canonical Toll-regulated genes in the D. neotestacea transcriptome, we used a member of the recently described bomanin (Bom) gene family [52] to serve as a read-out of Toll pathway expression, the D. melanogaster Bom CG5791; Bom CG5791 was induced by septic injury and fungal infection in De Gregorio et al. [32].