TEX46 and neoplasm: TEX induce apoptosis of activated anti-tumor effector T cells [28,29]; TEX inhibit functions necessary for sustaining anti-tumor responses such as activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity [28]; TEX interfere with normal differentiation of immune cells [26,30]; TEX polarize immune cells to tumor-promoting phenotypes and regulate mobilization of immune cells to the tumor [31,32].