As shown in Fig. 5d, 21f downregulated not only the phosphorylation of S6K1 but also eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (ref. 43) and mammalian autophagy-initiating kinase (ULK1) (ref. 44), known substrates of mTORC1 kinase, in a dose-dependent manner in HEK293T cell lines and two additional cell lines, Ca Ski cervical cancer cell and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines (Supplementary Fig. 17). Here, EIF4EBP1 is linked to prostate carcinoma.