Lastly, adding a new layer to PPARγ's involvement in bacterial infections is the study by Kelly et al. Here, the authors showed that Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a commensal bacterium prevalent in the human gut microflora, blocks the dysfunctional acute inflammatory response to infection by pathogenic Salmonella enterica by inducing binding of PPARγ to the NF-κB RelA subunit and their joint nuclear export and cytosolic localization, thereby inhibiting the consequent transcription of proinflammatory IL-8. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.