Because PKC412 was previously reported to up-regulate phosphorylation of c-JUN, increased AP-1 and NF-κB transcription activities in human multiple myeloma cells [40], we tested the possibility that PKC412 stimulates HIV transcription in HIV latent infected cells through activating NF-κB or AP-1 signal pathways. Here, NFKB1 is linked to AL amyloidosis.