VDR and malignant colon neoplasm: Furthermore, the most active form of vitamin D (1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) inhibits cell proliferation, induces differentiation of human colon cancer cells by regulation of E-cadherin expression and by sequestrating the formation of transcriptionally active β-catenin/TCF complex through the direct binding of VDR to β-catenin [16–20].